Posts Tagged ‘Human Rights Defenders’

A Guide to Supercharging HRD Movement with Artificial Intelligence

November 4, 2026
Human Rights Foundation

The HRF announced on 22 September 2026 a new guide to understand AI and how to use it safely to defend freedom

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often described as the most transformative technology of our time. Its meteoric development is reshaping industries, economies, and the way people work, communicate, and create. Governments are investing billions of dollars into it. Corporations are racing to build ever more capable AI systems. News headlines alternate between promises of extraordinary breakthroughs and warnings about existential risks.

For activists, journalists, researchers, and civil society organizations, however, the question is much simpler: What does AI mean for the work I do every day

The reality is that authoritarian regimes are already using AI to expand surveillance, censorship, and social control. At the same time, activists are using it to research faster, build new tools, and amplify their impact. AI itself is neither democratic nor authoritarian. Like any powerful tool, its impact depends on who controls it and how it is used.

Gene Sharp, the author of the book “From Dictatorship to Democracy” and the world’s foremost scholar of nonviolent revolution, spent decades documenting that even the most entrenched authoritarian regimes depend on the consent and cooperation of their subjects, and that organized, disciplined resistance can withdraw that consent. AI doesn’t change that logic, but it does change the scale and speed at which activists can act on it.

That is what this guide is about: Helping dissidents understand AI and how to use it safely to defend freedom, and bringing them to realize that they do not need a technical background to follow along.

This guide is specially written for people working to strengthen democracy, defend human rights, and build more open societies while living and working under authoritarian regimes. It focuses on the practical applications of AI rather than the technical details behind it. You will learn how to use AI chat tools, build applications without hiring a software developer, create personal AI agents, protect your privacy, and automate parts of your work. The emphasis throughout is on practical skills you can begin using right away.

And no, you do not need to learn how to code, understand machine learning, or become a technology expert. You don’t need to know any of these things to use the internet, and the same applies here. What you do need is time to experiment and understand what these tools can do, where their risks lie, and how to use them safely and effectively.

That said, no guide can keep pace with a technology that evolves this quickly. New models and tools will be released. Some of the examples in these pages will eventually become outdated (we will do our best to keep this guide updated). But the underlying lessons will remain the same. AI is becoming a source of leverage in the struggle for freedom in fully and hybrid authoritarian countries in every corner of the world, including, for example, Venezuela, Russia, India or Thailand. Understanding how to use it well will increasingly be a prerequisite for effective advocacy in the years to come.

Please note that this resource is not meant to convince you that AI is the answer to every problem. It is not. Human rights work will always depend on courage, judgment, trust, and human relationships. No algorithm can replace those things. But AI can help the people who possess them work faster, reach further, and achieve more.

There is also a lesson worth remembering. When social media emerged, activists and developers alike were slow to grasp how dictators would exploit it, and that delay came at a real cost to the safety and privacy of activists and pro-democracy movements. We cannot afford to repeat that mistake.

As AI reshapes the world, those defending freedom need to be early, not late, in understanding its strengths, its risks, and how to use it well. Activists, especially ones working in a high-risk environment, should treat AI as a core tool, not an adjacent one, and devote real time to understanding it.

Civil liberties advocates should help shape the AI future, not simply follow into a future designed by others who don’t share the same concerns.

We hope this guide gives you the knowledge, confidence, and practical tools to do exactly that

New Study highlights ways forward for more justice for Victims of International Crimes

November 3, 2026
  • 16 September 2026

Effective accountability for international crimes often depends on strong cooperation between civil society organisations and national authorities. A new report published today explores how that cooperation can be strengthened to better support investigations, prosecutions and access to justice for victims and survivors.

Building trust between civil society organisations and prosecuting authorities is essential for advancing accountability for war crimes, crimes against humanity and other serious human rights violations.

A new report published today within the Global Initiative Against Impunity (GIAI) examines how cooperation between civil society organisations and domestic authorities can be strengthened to better support investigations and prosecutions of international crimes. The study identifies both successful practices and persistent challenges, and offers practical recommendations to improve collaboration in the pursuit of justice.

Drawing on 74 interviews with more than 100 participants across 12 jurisdictions, the report brings together the experiences of civil society organisations, legal practitioners, investigators and prosecutors working on accountability for international crimes.

Among its findings, the report highlights the importance of trust, transparency, long-term engagement and adequate support for victims and witnesses. It also presents recommendations aimed at strengthening dialogue, sharing expertise and improving legal and institutional frameworks.

The report was developed by TRIAL International together with Civil Rights Defenders, ECCHR, FIDH and REDRESS, and is intended as a resource for practitioners working to advance accountability for international crimes.

Read the report: 2026_Reinforcing Trust to Advance Accountability for International Crimes.

30 October – the International Day of Political Prisoners – some actions

November 2, 2026

On Oct. 30, the Human Rights Foundation observed the International Day of Political Prisoners, honoring the estimated 1 million political prisoners globally. These detainees are targeted not for committing any crime, but for their work as journalists, opposition leaders, lawyers, artists, and human rights defenders — or for simply expressing their beliefs. Too often, their stories are distilled to mere statistics. But these individuals are not just numbers. They have families, friends, jobs, and full lives that have been ripped away from them.

HRF highlighted the experiences of six political prisoners in their own words, through letters and other communications they have bravely shared with the world.

Dispatches from Detention: Dauletmurat Tazhimuratov

Dauletmurat Tazhimuratov

Dauletmurat Tazhimuratov is a Karakalpak lawyer, journalist, and human rights defender in Uzbekistan. He was detained in July 2022 for protesting constitutional amendments that would have stripped Karakalpakstan of its status as a sovereign republic within Uzbekistan. He was initially sentenced to 16 years; Uzbekistan has since extended his imprisonment to nearly 18 years. He is held in a remote, high-security penal colony, and there are reports of torture and ill-treatment. The UN Working Group on Arbitrary Detention (WGAD) determined that his detention is arbitrary following a submission by HRF in July 2024.

Read more

Dispatches from Detention: Dr. Mahrang Baloch

Mahrang Baloch

Dr. Mahrang Baloch is a Baloch human rights defender and founder of the Baloch Yakjehti Committee, a network of activists promoting human rights in Balochistan. She was arrested at a peaceful protest in March 2025 and detained for three months without trial. In July 2025, the day her detention was set for review, Pakistan instead brought terrorism charges against her. Nearly a year later and after a trial riddled with due process violations, she was sentenced to two terms of life in prison. HRF submitted her case to the WGAD in August.

Read more

Dispatches from Detention: Victoire Ingabire

Victoire Ingabire

Victoire Ingabire is a leading Rwandan opposition figure, advocate for democratic reform, and founder of the political party Development and Liberty for All. She was first arrested in 2010 when she returned from exile to run for president and was imprisoned until 2018, when she received a presidential pardon. On June 19, 2025, she was arrested again after testifying in a trial involving eight of her party members and an independent journalist. She remains in detention, and now faces a trial in which the prosecution seeks a life sentence. The WGAD determined that her detention is arbitrary following a submission by HRF in November 2025.

Read more

Dispatches from Detention: Umar Khalid

Umar Khalid

Umar Khalid is an Indian activist and former researcher at Jawaharlal Nehru University, where he was a leader of the Democratic Students’ Union. Khalid was arrested on Sept. 13, 2020, after becoming a prominent figure in protests against the Citizenship Amendment Act, which excluded Muslims from eligibility for fast-tracked Indian citizenship. Khalid has been detained for more than six years without trial, solely for exercising the rights to freedom of expression and peaceful assembly. The WGAD found Khalid’s detention to be arbitrary following HRF’s March 2025 petition.

Read more

Dispatches from Detention: Ulviyya Ali

Ulviyya Ali

Ulviyya Ali is an Azerbaijani journalist who spent years reporting for Voice of America (VOA) on human rights abuses by Azerbaijani officials. In a country ranked among the top 10 most repressive regimes for press freedom, her work has played a vital role in preserving independent journalism. Two months after President Donald Trump’s March 2025 executive order that effectively shuttered VOA, police in Baku arrested Ali on fabricated currency smuggling charges. She remains imprisoned, awaiting sentencing in harsh conditions. She faced police violence and threats of sexual assault on the day of her arrest, has been denied essential medical care, and has been subjected to further retaliation for refusing to remain silent — including being placed in a cell with a person accused of manslaughter. HRF submitted her case to a group of UN special procedures in May 2026.

Read more

Dispatches from Detention: Vadim Kobzev & Alexei Liptser

Vadim Kobzev and Alexei Liptser

Vadim Kobzev and Alexei Liptser were members of the legal team for Alexei Navalny, the late Russian opposition leader. Both attorneys challenged Navalny’s prosecution amid an intensifying crackdown on dissent in Russia. In October 2023, they were arrested on politically motivated charges of “extremism” related to their work with Navalny. They were convicted and sentenced to multi-year prison terms in penal colonies, in a case that has become emblematic of Russia’s mounting pressure on independent lawyers and the rule of law. HRF submitted Kobzev and Liptser’s case to the WGAD in January 2026.

Hong Kong Watch marks International Day of Political Prisoners in joint statement from coalition of over 50 human rights groups

https://www.hongkongwatch.org/all-posts/2026/10/30/hong-kong-watch-marks-international-day-of-political-prisoners-in-joint-statement-from-coalition-of-over-50-human-rights-groups

https://www.eeas.europa.eu/eeas/russia-statement-spokesperson-day-remembrance-victims-political-repression_en

https://eastleighvoice.co.ke/news/417371/un-leaders-call-for-action-to-protect-women-journalists-covering-conflict?amp=1

https://www.democracywithoutborders.org/45892/freedom-for-political-prisoners-should-be-a-global-priority-appeal-says

https://achpr.au.int/en/news/press-releases/2026-11-02/international-day-end-impunity-crimes-against-journalists-02

https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements-and-speeches/2026/11/impunity-crimes-against-journalists-fuels-further-violence-and

Portraits break the silence over the cost of defending nature

November 2, 2026
Logo

Portraits break the silence over the cost of defending nature
Indigenous activists and civil society representatives carry portraits of killed, missing and imprisoned environmental defenders during a silent procession at the COP17 UN Biodiversity Conference in Yerevan, Armenia, on 29 October 2026, calling for justice and protection for those defending nature. Photo: Sohanur Rahman /The Climate Watch

Sohanur Rahman

Sohanur Rahman

OnNovember 1, 2026

The silent procession highlighted the risks faced by environmental defenders worldwide, urging governments to turn biodiversity commitments into meaningful protection for Indigenous peoples and local communities. At COP17 in Armenia, a quiet procession brought the faces of killed, missing and imprisoned environmental defenders into the global biodiversity talksIn the hands of marchers, photographs carried the faces of people who could not be there.

Some had been killed. Others had disappeared. Others remained in prison.

Among the photographs were those of Daria Egereva and Natalia Leongardt, who are imprisoned in Russia, according to the campaign supporting them. Participants carried their portraits alongside those of other defenders killed, missing or imprisoned because of their work, the campaign’s account said.

The procession combined remembrance with solidarity. It drew attention to the gap between international commitments to protect environmental defenders and the persecution many continue to face.

Indigenous peoples’ rights were central to the action. Placards highlighted the importance of free, prior and informed consent in decisions affecting their territories, connecting the protection of ecosystems with communities’ rights over their lands and futures.

Global Witness documented the killing of at least 124 land and environmental defenders in 2025. Its records include 2,375 killings and disappearances since 2012, although reporting and verification gaps mean the true toll is likely higher. [see https://humanrightsdefenders.blog/2026/09/21/new-global-witness-figures-at-least-124-land-and-environmental-defenders-killed-globally-in-2025/]

Target 22 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework calls for the full protection of environmental human rights defenders. It also requires inclusive participation in biodiversity decisions, access to justice and information, and respect for Indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ rights over their lands, territories, resources and traditional knowledge.

Guidance from the Convention on Biological Diversity identifies legal protection, effective remedies and freedom from retaliation as practical measures to safeguard defenders.

In Yerevan, the photographs gave those commitments a human face. The procession called attention to the distance between promises made in international forums and the safety of people defending nature on the ground. For those remembered in the portraits, protection had come too late or remained out of reach. The action urged governments to make their commitments effective for those still facing danger.

Protecting the storytellers: Women journalists on the frontline of conflict

October 30, 2026

On 28 October 2026 Ana Carmo reported on an event organised by the Permanent Mission of Greece, gender equality agency UN Women, and the UN education and culture agency, UNESCO,Every Voice for Peace Counts: New Perspectives on the Women, Peace and Security Agenda.

“Every woman journalist driven out of a conflict zone is a peace process that loses its witness,” said Nobel Peace Prize laureate Maria Ressa, addressing the United Nations this week. Ms. Ressa, who has faced arrest, legal cases and sustained online attacks, reiterated how intimidation can wear down journalists’ credibility and confidence, threaten their safety and ultimately kill their determination to continue reporting. At the height of the attacks against her, she received 90 hate messages an hour

Artificial intelligence is adding to the threat, enabling deepfakes, fabricated sexual images, cloned voices and coordinated attacks to spread at scale.

According to UN Women data, nearly one in four women human rights defenders, activists and journalists reported experiencing AI-enabled abuse which in time can manifest as physical violence.

Recent research highlights how online attacks – once dismissed as “virtual” problems – are now spilling offline, affecting women’s safety, well-being, and ability to participate freely in public debate.

Ms. Ressa called for online violence to be treated as such, arguing for stronger accountability for perpetrators and technology companies that amplify abuse, sustained funding for women-led journalism, and the inclusion of women journalists in peace and security discussions.

Protecting women journalists is not only about individual safety. It is also about whose experiences of conflict are documented, whose voices shape public understanding and whose contributions to peace are recognised.

“When women journalists are silenced, the women whose stories they are telling are also silenced,” said UN Women Deputy Executive Director for Normative Support, UN System Coordination, and Programme Results, Nyaradzai Gumbonzvanda. “So, it’s not just the silencing of the journalists, it’s the silencing of our collective story.”

Women in conflict settings are often portrayed as victims, she noted, despite their roles in preventing violence, mediating disputes, sustaining communities and rebuilding societies. When their experiences go unreported, the public sees only part of the reality of war, “half of the picture of peace”.

The scale of the problem is stark. According to a recent study by UN Women and UNESCO, 75 per cent of women journalists surveyed had experienced online violence. Forty-two per cent linked online attacks to abuse or assault in the physical world, up from 20 per cent in 2020.

International frameworks for protecting journalists already exist. Yet women journalists continue to face physical violence, legal harassment, psychological trauma and online campaigns designed to discredit their reporting.

As the International Day to End Impunity for Crimes against Journalists approaches on 2 November, UNESCO is preparing to launch a new campaign – Threats Evolve, Impunity Endures – alongside new findings on journalist safety and impunity.

“Every voice for peace counts,” said Ms. Ressa, “but a voice only counts if it is heard, if that woman survives being heard.”

Watch the event on UN WebTV:

https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/10/1168691

Submit Entries for 9th Edition Freedom Prize 2027

October 25, 2026

The Freedom Prize invites young people aged 15 to 25 from France and around the world to nominate an inspiring person or organisation whose work represents an exemplary commitment to freedom. The initiative gives young people an active role in recognising individuals and organisations that promote freedom, peace, human rights, and positive change.Deadline: 12-Jan-2027

The Freedom Prize is an educational initiative inspired by the values associated with the D-Day landings in Normandy. See: https://trueheroesfilms.com/equip/digest/?sort=most&award=fef9ddd0-5b73-11e9-aba0-2ddd74eff7fa

The Freedom Prize is open to young people aged 15 to 25 years old.

The Freedom Prize takes place through three main stages during the school year.

Stage 1: Call for Proposals

Young people aged 15 to 25 are invited to nominate a person or organisation whose fight for freedom deserves international recognition.

Participants research and identify inspiring individuals or organisations and submit their proposals.

This first stage gives young people an opportunity to explore different freedom and human rights movements around the world.

Stage 2: International Youth Jury

An international jury made up of 24 young people from diverse backgrounds meets in Normandy.

The jury reviews the proposed nominees and selects three finalists for the Freedom Prize.

This stage gives young people a direct role in evaluating different examples of courage, commitment and action for freedom.

Stage 3: Global Youth Vote

Following the selection of the three nominees, a global online vote is organised among young people.

Youth participants vote to determine the final laureate of the Freedom Prize.

The process therefore places young people at the centre of the prize, from the initial nominations through to the final selection.

https://www2.fundsforngos.org/individuals/submit-entries-for-9th-edition-freedom-prize-2027/amp

Write for Rights campaign turns 25, here 7 successes

October 24, 2026

Amnesty International

This year marks the 25th anniversary of Amnesty International’s global Write for Rights campaign, which has supported more than 200 people and groups.

That’s 25 years of people taking action against injustice, writing letters and signing petitions in support of people whose human rights have been denied. Some have been imprisoned for peacefully expressing their views. Others have been targeted because of who they are or who they love. Some have been criminalized simply because they were in the wrong place at the wrong time.

More than 50 million actions have been taken – in the form of letters, emails, cards, petition signatures, social media posts and more – since Write for Rights started in 2001. Amnesty’s brilliant supporters have written letters both to those whose rights are being violated, and the person in authority who can make change happen.

People have taken action because they believe hope and humanity can win over fear.

As a result, over 100 people featured in our Write for Rights campaign have seen a positive outcome in their situation. People unlawfully detained have been released, families have been reunited and justice achieved. Just as important – individuals have been reminded that they have not been forgotten.

Here are the stories of a few of them, whose lives have changed – and even been saved – thanks to the support of people like you…


Germain Rukuki – Burundi

 A man stands bathed in sunlight, looking down the street.
Human rights defender Germain Rukuki was arrested in July 2017 and was serving a 32-year prison sentence after he was convicted of “rebellion” amongst other things. During Amnesty International’s global Write for Rights campaign, supporters in 37 countries took action and called for his immediate and unconditional release. He was released from prison on 30 June 2021.

On 30 June 2021, Burundian human rights defender Germain Rukuki was released from prison four years into a 32-year sentence. He had been found guilty of a number of sham charges relating to his human rights work. He was jailed before getting a chance to hold his youngest child, born just weeks after he was arrested in July 2017.

Yves Makwambala and Fred Bauma – Democratic Republic of Congo

Youth activists Yves Makwambala and Fred Bauma were released at the end of August 2016 in the Democratic Republic of Congo. An amazing 170,000 people took action for the pair as part of Write for Rights 2015. “Every letter, every visit, every word has strengthened us and reinforced our determination in this long but just struggle for freedom and democracy,” said Yves.

Seán Binder – Greece

As night closes in, a man in a dark jumper stands against a brightly lit building.
After more than seven long years, Seán Binder and all 23 defendants were been cleared of all charges in Greece relating to their humanitarian rescue work on Lesvos.

In January 2026, human rights defender Seán Binder and 23 others connected to a search and rescue NGO were acquitted of all charges in Greece. After years on trial, Seán no longer faces the possibility of a 20-year prison sentence for helping refugees.

Eight years after Amnesty first called for the charges to be dropped, Seán was finally acquitted.

Moses Akatugba – Nigeria

A man stands looking to camera with his hands clasped. He wears a red jumper.
Moses was waiting for the results of his secondary school exams when he was arrested by the Nigerian army in 2005, shot in the hand and beaten. After eight years in prison, he was sentenced to death by hanging. Activists including many young people and Amnesty International demonstrated outside their country’s Nigerian embassies his behalf. Moses was freed in 2019.

Moses Akatugba was a 16-year-old student when he was arrested in 2005 by police in southern Nigeria, on suspicion of armed robbery and stealing three telephones. He was tortured by police during their interrogations, beaten and suspended upside down from a ceiling fan for hours. His nails were pulled out with pliers to coerce him into signing a “confession” – the only basis for his death sentence eight years later.

Rita Mahato – Nepal 

Rita Mahato Chamar is a human rights defender from Nepal.

In 2009, human rights defender Rita Mahato was threatened with death, rape and kidnapping for helping women in Nepal who had suffered acts of violence. She was a health adviser at the Women’s Rehabilitation Centre (WOREC), a leading NGO in Nepal, yet police failed to provide Rita with protection or to investigate the threats. After Amnesty took up her case for Write for Rights 2009, schools, campuses and other institutions around the world started sending letters, postcards and other materials in support of her. The publicity and posters became so widespread that the police and local authorities began calling Rita to provide support, making her feel less alone. While the harassment has ended, Rita still stands up for what she believes in.

Aleksandra (Sacha) Skochilenko – Russia

A woman with long brown hair
Aleksandra (Sasha) Skochilenko, visits Amnesty in the Netherlands, Amsterdam, to thank them from for their support.

Russian artist Aleksandra “Sacha” Skochilenko was arrested for protesting Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. In March 2022, she replaced price tags at a supermarket with paper labels that contained information censored by Russian state-run media. She was charged with “dissemination of knowingly false information about Russian Armed Forces” and sentenced to seven years in December 2023. In 2024, thanks in part to international pressure from Write for Rights 2022, Sacha was finally released as part of a huge prisoner swap, involving Russia and Belarus, who agreed to a swap with the United States, Germany, Norway, Poland, and Slovenia.  Sacha now lives in exile in Germany.

https://amnesty.ca/urgent-actions/outcome-uae-sudanese-political-activist-released-after-19-months

NGO Forum at the 89th session of the African Commission: panel discussion on the growing issue of transnational repression of HRDs in Africa

October 21, 2026

At the NGO Forum ahead of the 89th session of the African Commission, in October 2026, a high-level panel discussion tackled the growing issue of transnational repression in Africa. The discussion, titled ‘From Restrictive Laws to Transnational Repression: Protecting Human Rights Defenders in Africa’, was the first ever panel on the topic of transnational repression in this space.

It featured Aua Baldé of the UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, Ralmeg Gandaho, President of Changement-Social (Bénin), and Basma Mostafa, Director of Programs at the Law and Democracy Support Foundation and herself an exiled journalist and activist directly affected by transnational repression. (Basma Mostafa was unable to attend in person due to visa issues. Her statement was read on her behalf by ISHR’s Salomé Boucif)

This discussion built on our ongoing work on transnational repression: in June, ISHR convened a retreat for UN human rights experts that culminated in a landmark statement by over 130 UN Special Procedures mandate holders and Treaty Body members calling for a decisive international response to transnational repression.[https://humanrightsdefenders.blog/2026/09/28/over-130-human-rights-experts-issue-global-call-for-states-to-end-transnational-repression/]

At the ACHPR’s 89th session, ISHR further called on the Commission to adopt a resolution on transnational repression and carry out a comprehensive, continent-wide study examining its nature, scale, patterns, methods, perpetrators, affected populations and impact on the enjoyment of human rights.

The panel opened from a clear premise: a conducive national legal framework is a precondition for the safe and effective work of human rights defenders, as affirmed by Aua Baldé. Yet across Africa, the opposite trend is now dominant.

In Angola, a 2025 law on the status of non-governmental organisations allows the State to monitor, suspend and financially restrict civil society organisations. In Zimbabwe, the Private Voluntary Organization Act adopted in 2025 confers sweeping discretionary powers on the executive to over-regulate and interfere in the governance and operations of NGOs. And in Uganda, the Protection of Sovereignty Act, signed into law in May 2026, created broad controls over who may receive foreign funding and who may be labelled a ‘foreign agent’.

Speaking from the experience of defenders in West Africa and particularly Benin, Ralmeg Gandaho illustrated how such frameworks translate into daily intimidation, criminalisation and surveillance of those who document violations and hold power to account.

A central thread of the discussion was that crossing an international border does not guarantee safety. For Basma Mostafa, transnational repression ‘should not be understood simply as a collection of isolated incidents’. Instead, she stressed, it is a ‘governance strategy’ used by States to ‘extend control beyond their territory’.

Drawing on the work of the Law and Democracy Support Foundation with exiled defenders, journalists and political activists, she identified several recurring patterns: proxy punishment and reprisals against family members, the weaponisation of legal and counter-terrorism frameworks, including politically motivated prosecutions and convictions in absentia, the misuse of administrative and consular measures such as travel bans and the refusal to renew documents, digital transnational repression and more.

Mostafa’s account of the case of Egyptian activist Mariam Abdelbasette illustrated how these practices intersect: her husband was reportedly deported from Oman to Egypt, following a procedure that allegedly involved INTERPOL, without meaningful due process and subsequently disappeared, while she herself faced travel restrictions, politically motivated terrorism-related accusations, threats of deportation and sustained intimidation of her and her family.

The panel stressed that the target is not only the individual defender. The broader objective is to create fear and silence entire communities, to make people think twice before speaking, organising, documenting violations, engaging with the media or cooperating with the United Nations.

When a journalist sees a colleague’s family arrested, the message reaches hundreds of journalists. When an activist’s relatives are detained, it reaches an entire exile community. Self-censorship becomes a survival strategy, undermining freedom of expression, independent journalism and cooperation with international human rights mechanisms.

Aua Baldé underlined that the cross-border nature of these threats challenges conventional approaches to human rights protection, which are typically organised around a single jurisdiction.

She emphasised that States must not be allowed to evade their human rights obligations by facilitating, outsourcing or benefiting from acts of repression carried out beyond their borders.

Recommendations

The panel called on the African Commission and the UN human rights system to:

  1. Adopt a dedicated resolution formally recognising transnational repression as a distinct and growing human rights challenge in Africa.
  2. Establish a joint task force on transnational repression bringing together the relevant ACHPR special mechanisms — on human rights defenders, freedom of expression, refugees and asylum seekers, reprisals and enforced disappearances — and UN human rights mechanisms, to ensure a coordinated and victim-centred response.
  3. Undertake a comprehensive continental study on transnational repression in Africa, examining patterns such as proxy punishment, digital repression, forced return, deportation, the misuse of counter-terrorism frameworks and cross-border security cooperation.
  4. Pay greater attention to the targeting of family members and proxy punishment, one of the most widespread and least addressed forms of transnational repression in the region.
  5. Design protection mechanisms with the meaningful participation of affected communities, guided by the principle that nothing about targeted communities should be discussed without targeted communities.

The panel concluded that, when repression crosses borders, protection and accountability must cross borders too.

Regional and international institutions must work together, including under the Addis Ababa Roadmap on cooperation between the ACHPR and UN Special Procedures, to ensure that defenders do not lose access to protection simply because their cases extend beyond a single country.

https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/ngo-forum-from-restrictive-laws-to-transnational-repression-protecting-human-rights-defenders-in-africa

https://ishr.ch/latest-updates/achpr89-training-17-inspiring-defenders-from-africa-strengthened-their-capacity-and-advocated-at-ngo-forum/

UN Third Committee Hears that Human Rights Defenders face growing repression

October 21, 2026
United Nations

Enforced disappearances are reaching alarming levels worldwide, while human rights defenders face increasing persecution and surveillance, United Nations experts warned the Third Committee (Social, Humanitarian and Cultural) on 20 October 2026 citing thousands of unresolved cases and growing threats to those seeking justice and accountability.

Andrea Bolaños Vargas, Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders, warned that criminalization has become the most prevalent global threat facing those who expose abuses and defend fundamental freedoms. Presenting findings from a survey of 1,122 respondents, she reported that 66 per cent of women human rights defenders believed their situation had deteriorated, rising to 78 per cent among LGBTIQ+ women defenders. Three quarters said restrictive laws and regulations had undermined their work.

“Criminalization is combined with disinformation and stigmatization, surveillance, arbitrary detention, administrative restrictions, funding restrictions, digital attacks, and in some cases, violence against defenders themselves, as well as their families,” she said. Such threats extend even to regions with long-standing democratic traditions. “The human cost is enormous,” she stressed, reporting that 83 per cent of survey respondents experienced negative effects on their mental health. Nearly half of the women human rights defenders surveyed reported having to leave their homes to seek safety, with 24 per cent internally displaced and 22 per cent forced into exile.

Even exile offers no guarantee of protection, she warned, citing surveillance, attacks against relatives, deprivation of nationality and other forms of transnational oppression. “Protection alone is not enough,” she declared, adding: “The aspiration must be that no one has to risk their safety, freedom or life to defend human rights.” [see e.g. https://humanrightsdefenders.blog/2026/09/28/over-130-human-rights-experts-issue-global-call-for-states-to-end-transnational-repression/]

Delegates Clash over Imprisoned Activists

…The Czech Republic’s representative highlighted the imprisonment of human rights defenders in Belarus and the Russian Federation, drawing attention to Ukrainian activists Iryna Danylovych and Amet Suleymanov, held in Russian Federations prisons without adequate medical care.

Germany’s delegate urged Moscow to release two Indigenous human rights defenders and called on China to free Hong Kong lawyer Chow Hang Tung.

Rejecting the criticism, China’s representative accused Germany of spreading “smears”. “Some countries and political forces seek to portray criminals as human rights defenders to whitewash their unlawful and criminal conduct,” he said.

Belarus’s delegate dismissed the Czech Republic’s allegations concerning medical care for detainees, insisting that free healthcare is available to all, including prisoners. The Russian Federation’s representative, meanwhile, accused Ukraine and the Baltic States of persecuting those defending Russian-speaking populations, citing the arrest of Latvian activist Viktor Gushchin.

The European Union’s representative, speaking in its capacity as observer, warned that growing fear and self-censorship among people cooperating with United Nations human rights mechanisms represents “a substantive loss to us all”, expressing concern over technology-facilitated transnational repression….

https://press.un.org/en/2026/gashc4446.doc.htm

Tomorrow 20 October webcast event on transnational repression and reprisals against HRDs in New York

October 19, 2026

Recent developments within the UN human rights system have brought increasing attention to the scale of TNR, its human rights impacts and the obligations of States and other actors to prevent and respond to it. On 23 September 2026, more than 130 Special Procedures mandate holders and Treaty Body members issued a joint statement on TNR, describing it as a growing, direct challenge to the international human rights system and the UN Charter’s principles. The statement clarifies the legal obligations of States under international law, and sets out a roadmap for States, businesses, INTERPOL and international organisations to better prevent and respond to TNR, and protect and assist individuals and groups affected. These recommendations build on existing reports by UN Special Procedures, the brief on TNR by the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, and resolutions adopted by the Human Rights Council. [see https://humanrightsdefenders.blog/2026/09/28/over-130-human-rights-experts-issue-global-call-for-states-to-end-transnational-repression/]

TNR also increasingly intersects with acts of intimidation and reprisal against individuals and groups who cooperate, or seek to cooperate, with the United Nations. The Secretary-General’s 2026 annual report on reprisals (A/HRC/63/62) documents TNR-related reprisals affecting individuals and organisations across regions, including through digital technologies. These practices can extend the reach of repression across borders, targeting defenders and other civil society actors even after they have left the country in which the original threats arose. They can also affect relatives, colleagues and communities, creating a broader chilling effect on engagement with the United Nations. Of the  32 States cited in the report, 15 are cited for violations that include TNR, affecting at least 43 individuals and four organisations. [see https://humanrightsdefenders.blog/2026/10/01/un-report-warns-of-transnational-reprisals-human-rights-defenders-cooperating-with-the-un/]

The growing recognition of these interconnected patterns creates an opportunity to move from documentation and recognition towards coordinated prevention, protection and accountability. Responses to TNR should be grounded in international human rights law and should address the conduct of both States perpetrating repression abroad and States within whose territory such acts occur. They should also ensure that people at risk can safely access international and regional human rights mechanisms, including the United Nations.

This UNGA81 side event will bring together UN experts, States and civil society to examine how TNR and reprisals manifest in practice, clarify applicable human rights standards and responsibilities, and identify concrete measures that States, the UN and other actors can take to prevent violations, protect those at risk and ensure accountability.

Location: New York City, United States of America

Date: 20 October 2026

  • Time: 1:15PM – 2:30PM EST
  • Address: UN Headquarters, Conference Room 7
  • Event language(s) English
  • RSVP Needed: no
  • The event will be webcast on UN Web TV.

Opening remarks: Ambassador Laura Dupuy Lasserre, Permanent Representative of Uruguay to the United Nations

Speakers:

  • Claudia Fuentes Julio, Assistant Secretary-General for Human Rights [tbc]
  • Ben Saul, UN Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights and fundamental freedoms while countering terrorism
  • Grażyna Baranowska, Chair of UN Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances (WGEID)
  • Civil society representative

Closing remarks: Ambassador Florian Laudi, Deputy Permanent Representative of Germany to the United Nations

Moderator: International Service for Human Rights

https://ishr.ch/events/beyond-borders-not-beyond-reach